or Oczakoff, a town of Turkey in Europe, and capital of a Sangiack of the same name, inhabited by Tartars. During a late war, here was a Turkish garrison of 20,000 men. However, it was taken by the Russians in 1737, and all those that resisted were put to the sword. The Russians themselves lost 18,000 men in the assault. The Turks returned the same year with 70,000 men to retake it; but were obliged to retire, after the loss of 20,000. In 1738, the Russians withdrew their garrison, and demolished the fortifications. It is seated on the river Bog, to the west of the Nieper, or rather where they both unite and fall into the Black Sea. It is 42 miles south-west of Bialagrod, and 190 north by east of Constantinople. E. Long. 30. c. N. Lat. 46. 30.