famous physician, who lived about the end of the 13th and beginning of the 14th century. He studied at Paris and Montpellier, and travelled through Italy and Spain. He was well acquainted with languages, and particularly with the Greek, Hebrew, and Arabic. He was at great pains to gratify his ardent desire after knowledge; but this passion carried him rather too far in his researches: he endeavoured to discover future events by astrology, imagining this science to be infallible; and upon this foundation he published a prediction, that the world would come to an end in the middle of the 14th century. He practised physic at Paris for some time; but having advanced some new doctrines, he drew upon himself the resentment of the university; and his friends, fearing he might be arrested, persuaded him to retire from that city. Upon his leaving France, he retired to Sicily, where he was received by king Frederic of Arragon with the greatest marks of kindness and esteem. Some time afterwards, this prince sent him to France, to attend Pope Clement in his illness; and he was shipwrecked on the coast of Genoa, about the year 1313. The works of Arnaud, with his life prefixed, were printed in one volume in folio, at Lyons, in 1520; and at Basil in 1585, with the notes of Nicholas Tolerus.

Arnaud d'Andilly (Robert), the son of a celebrated Advocate of the parliament of Paris, was born in 1588; and being introduced young at court, was employed in many considerable offices, all which he discharged with great integrity and reputation. In 1644, he quitted business, and retired into the convent of Port Royal des Champs, where he passed the remainder of his days in a continued application to works of piety and devotion; and enriched the French language with many excellent translations of different writers, as well as with religious compositions of his own. He died in 1674, and his works are printed in 8 vols folio.

Arnaud (Anthony), brother of the preceding, and a doctor of the Sorbonne, was born in 1612. He published in 1643, A treatise on frequent communion, which highly displeased the Jesuits; and the disputes upon grace, which broke out about this time in the university of Paris, and in which he took a zealous part with the Jansenists, helped to increase the animosity between him and the Jesuits. But nothing raised so great a clamour against him as the two letters he wrote on Absolution; in the second of which the faculty of divinity found two propositions which they condemned, and M. Arnaud was expelled the society. Upon this he retired; and during a retreat which lasted near 25 years, he composed that great variety of works which are extant of his, on grammar, geometry, logic, metaphysics,