(Maximilian de), Duke of Sully, grand master of the artillery, and marshal of France, sovereign prince of Enrichemont and Bois-Bell, Marquis of Rosny, and one of the ablest and most upright ministers France ever had, was descended from an illustrious house, and was born in 1560. He entered very young into the service of Henry of Bourbon then king of Navarre, afterwards Henry IV. of France, who was just seven years his elder. He was bred in the reformed religion, and continued in the profession of it to the end of his life, though from political motives he advised his master to abjure it, as the only method of putting an end to the miseries of France. After Henry had gained possession of the kingdom, Sully performed all the duties of a great and good minister, while his master exercised all the offices of a great and good king. He had been at the battles of Coutras, Arques, and Ivry; at the sieges of Paris, Noyon, Rouen, and Laon; and signalized himself on every important occasion. In 1597 he was made chief overseer of the highways of France; and the following year was raised to the post of superintendent of the finances. Though he was then but 40 years of age, and had hitherto signalized himself only in the army, he put the king's finances in such order, that he paid his debts, which amounted to two hundred millions of livres, and laid up great sums in the king's treasury. In 1601 he was made grand-master of the artillery, the next year governor of the Baile, and afterwards superintendent of the fortifications. He was then sent into England as ambassador extraordinary; and had, at his return, the government of Poitou. At last Henry IV. in 1606, erected in his favour the territory of Sully on the Loire into a duchy and peerage, and made him grand-master of the ports and havens. After the murder of that great prince in 1610, the Duke of Sully, who had served him with the greatest zeal and fidelity, was obliged to retire to one of his houses, where he enjoyed a private life; but in 1634 he was made marshal of France, upon which he resigned the post of grandmaster of the artillery. He died in his castle of Vil-lebon on the 21st of December 1641, at 82 years of age. His Memoirs are ranked among the best books of French history; they contain a most particular account of whatever passed from the peace of 1570 to the death of Henry IV. in 1610: and acquire additional value from the many curious personal anecdotes preserved in them. They were translated into English by Mrs Lennox in 1757.

town of France, in Artois, containing upwards of 5000 inhabitants. There is an entrance into this city through four gates, and it is surrounded with walls and fortified. The city and the castle taken together are of a triangular figure, but the castle itself is a very irregular building. The houses are very indifferent, and the streets ill paved; however, there is a large handsome square, and several churches. In the marshy lands near the city there are several canals cut for the conveniency of whitening linen. It is seated on a rock by the river Belfe. E. Long. 2. 48. N. Lat. 50. 32.