a machine used in manufactories to press certain woollen and filken stuffs and linens, to make them smooth, even, and glossy, or to give them waves, or water them, as may be seen in Mohairs and tabbies. This instrument is composed of two thick cylinders or rollers, of very hard and well polished wood, round which the stuffs to be calendered are wound; these rollers are placed cross-wise between two very thick boards, the lower serving as a fixed base, and the upper moveable by means of a thick screw with a rope fastened to a spindle which makes its axis: the uppermost board is loaded with large stones weighing 20,000lb. or more. At Paris they have an extraordinary machine of this kind, called the royal calender, made by order of M. Colbert. The lower table or plank is made of a block of smooth marble, and the upper is lined with a plate of polished copper.—The alternate motion of the upper board sometimes one way and sometimes another, together with the prodigious weight laid upon it, gives the stuffs their gloi and smoothness; or gives them the waves, by making the cylinders on which they are put roll with great force over the undermost board. When they would put a roller from under the calender, they only incline the undermost board of the machine. The dressing alone, with the many turns they make the stuffs and linens undergo in the calender, gives the waves, or waters them, as the workmen call it. It is a mistake to think, as some have asserted, and Mr Chambers among others, that they use rollers with a shallow indenture or engraving cut into them.