a considerable town of the island of Candia, where a bailiwick resides. It was built by the Venetians, and occupies part of the site of the ancient CYDONIA. It is but about two miles in compass; encircled on the land side with a single wall, extremely thick; and defended by a broad and deep ditch, cut through a bed of rock, which extends all around the wall. By cutting it still deeper, they might cause the sea to flow round its ramparts; on which they have raised high platforms, that their great guns might command a wider extent of the adjacent plain. The city has only one gate, the gate of Retino, protected by an half-moon battery, which is the only exterior fort. The side which faces the sea is the best fortified. On the left of the harbour are four batteries, rising one above another, and planted with a number of large cannons of cast metal, marked with the arms of Venice. The first of these batteries stands close on the brink of the sea. The right side of the harbour is defended only by a strong wall, extending along a chain of pointed rocks which it is dangerous for ships to approach. At the extremity of this wall, there is an old castle, falling into ruins. Beneath that castle, the Venetians had immense arsenals, vaulted with stone. Each of these vaults was of sufficient length, breadth, and height, to serve as a work-shop for building a ship of the line. The ground is sloping, and the outermost part of these capacious arsenals is on a level with the sea; so that it was very easy to launch the ships built there into the water. The Turks are suffering that magnificent work to fall into ruins.

The city of Canea is laid out on a fine plan. The streets are large and straight; and the squares adorned with fountains. There are no remarkable buildings in it. Most of the houses are flat-roofed, and have only one story. Those contiguous to the harbour are adorned with galleries, from which you enjoy a delightful prospect. From the windows you discover the large bay formed between Cape Spada and Cape Mele, and all the ships that are entering in or paling out. The harbour, at present, receives ships of 200 tons burden; and it might be enlarged so as to admit the largest frigates. Its mouth is exposed to the violence of the north winds, which sometimes swell the billows above the ramparts. But, as it is narrow, and the bottom is good, ships that are well moored run no danger. At the time when Tournefort visited Crete, Canea did not contain more than five or six thousand inhabitants. But, at present, when the gates of Gira-Petra, Candia, and Retimo are choked up, the merchants have retired to Canea; and it is reckoned to contain 16,000 souls. The environs of the town are admirable; being adorned with forests of olive-trees mixed with fields, vineyards, gardens, and brooks bordered with myrtle-trees and laurel-roses. The chief revenue of this town consists in oil-olive. E. Long. 24. 15. N. Lat. 35. 28.