M. master of arts A. B. bachelor of arts F. R. S. fellow of the royal society.

For the other characters used in grammar, see Comma, Colon, Semicolon, &c.

Characters among the ancient Lawyers, and in ancient Inscriptions.

§ paragraphs ¶ digests Sesto senatus consulto E. extra S. P. Q. R. senatus populique Romanus

CHARACTERS in Medicine and Pharmacy.

R. recipe a, ae, or ana, of each alike lb a pound, or a pint 3 an ounce 3 a drachm 9 a scruple gr. grains ½ or ¼ half of any thing cong., congius, a gallon, coch. cochlearia, a spoonful

M. manipulus, a handfull P. a pugil P. A. equal quantities S. A. according to art q. s. a sufficient quantity q. pl. as much as you please P. P. pulvis patrum, the Jesuit's bark.

CHARACTERS upon Tombstones.

S. V. Sitte viator, i.e. Stop traveller. M. S. Memoriae sacrum, i.e. Sacred to the memory. D. M. Diis manibus. J. H. S. Jesus. X. P. a character found in the catacombs, about the meaning of which authors are not agreed.

CHARACTERS used in Music, and of Musical Notes with their proportions, are as follow.

| Character of a large | 8 | crotchet | |---------------------|---|----------| | a long | 4 | quaver | | a breve | 2 | semiflour | | a semibreve | 1 | demiflour | | a minium | ½ | |

※ Character of a sharp note: this character at the beginning of a line or space, denotes that all the notes in that line are to be taken a semitone higher than in the natural series; and the same affects all the octaves above and below, though not marked: but when prefixed to any particular note, it shows that note alone to be taken a semitone higher than it would be without such character.

♭ or b, character of a flat note: this is the contrary to the other above; that is, a semitone lower.

♮ character of a natural note: when in a line or series of artificial notes, marked at the beginning b or ※, the natural note happens to be required, it is denoted by this character.

♯ character of the treble cliff. H character of the mean cliff. O: bas cliff.

⅔ or ¾ characters of common duple time, signifying the measure of two crotchets to be equal to two notes, of which four make a semibreve.

C & P, characters that distinguish the movements of common time, the first implying slow, the second quick, and the third very quick.

⅓, ⅔, ⅘, ⅞, characters of simple triple time, the measure of which is equal to three semibreves, or to three minimas.

⅔, ⅗, or ⅝, characters of a mixed triple time, where the measure is equal to six crotchets, or six quavers.

⅔, or ⅗, or ⅝, or ⅞, or ⅚, or ⅛, characters of compound triple time.

⅔, ⅗, ⅘, ⅙, or ⅚, or ⅛, characters of that species of triple time called the measure of twelve times.