the act of cleaning or fining any fluid from all heterogeneous matter or scum.

The substances usually employed for clarifying liquors, are whites of eggs, blood, and isinglass. The two first are used for such liquors as are clarified whilst boiling. boiling hot; the last for those which are clarified in the cold, such as wines, &c. The whites of eggs are beat up into a froth, and mixed with the liquor, upon which they unite with and entangle the impure matters that floated in it; and presently growing hard by the heat, carry them up to the surface in form of a scum no longer dissoluble in the liquid. Blood operates in the same manner, and is chiefly used in purifying the brine from which salt is made. Great quantities of glass are consumed for fining turbid wines. For this purpose some throw an entire piece, about a quarter of an ounce, into a wine cask; by degrees the glue dissolves, and forms a skin upon the surface, which at length subsiding, carries down with it the insolent matter which floated in the wine. Others previously dissolve the glass; and having boiled it down to a slimy consistence, mix it with the liquor, roll the cask strongly about, and then suffer it to stand to settle. Neuman questions the wholesome effects of wines thus purified; and assures us that he himself, after drinking only a few ounces of such thus clarified, but not settled quite fine, was seized with sickness and vomiting, followed by such a vertigo, that he could not stand upright for a minute together. The giddiness continued with a nausea and want of appetite for several days.