e other country, since there was no living without fire and water.—Thus Cicero, ad Herenn., observes, that the form of the sentence did not express exilium, but only aquae & ignis interdictio. The same author remarks, that exile was not properly a punishment, but a voluntarily flying or avoiding the punishment decreed: Exilium non est supplicium, sed perpugnium, partimque supplex. He adds, that there was no crime among the Romans, as among other nations, punished with exile; but exile was a resource to which people flew voluntarily, in order to avoid chains, ignominy, starving, &c.

The Athenians frequently sent their generals and great men into exile; out of envy of their merits, or distrust of their too great authority. See OSTRACISM.that whereby anything has an actual essence, or is said to be. See the article METAPHYSICS.