navigation and commerce, the hire of a ship, or a part thereof, for the conveyance and carriage of goods from one port or place to another; or the sum agreed on between the owner and the merchant, for the hire and use of a vessel. See Maritime Laws.

Freind (John), a most learned English physician and writer in the 18th century, was born at Croton, Northamptonshire, in 1675. In 1696, he published, in conjunction with Mr P. Foulkes, an edition of two Greek orations, one of Æschines against Ctesiphon, and the other of Demosthenes de Corona, with a new Latin version. In 1699, he wrote a letter to Dr Sloane concerning an Hydrocephalus, published in the Philosophical Transactions; and another letter in Latin to the same gentleman, De psalmis rario, historia, printed in the same Transactions. In 1703, his Emmenologia appeared; which gained him great reputation. In 1704, he was chosen professor of chemistry in the university of Oxford. In 1705, he attended the earl of Peterborough to Spain, as physician to the army there; and upon his return in 1707, published an account of the earl's expedition and conduct. In 1709, he published his Chemical Lectures. In 1712, he attended the duke of Ormond in Flanders, as his physician. In 1716, he was admitted a fellow of the college of physicians in London. This year he published the first and third books of Hippocrates De morbis popularibus, with a Commentary on Fevers, written by himself. He sat a member for the borough of Launceston in Cornwall in 1722, where he distinguished himself by his opposition to the administration. March 1722, he was committed to the tower on a charge of high-treason; and while he was under confinement, he wrote a Latin epistle to Dr Mead, De quibusdam variolarum generibus; and began his History of Phylis, the first part of which was published in 1725, and the second in 1726. Upon the accession of George II. to the throne, he was appointed physician in ordinary to the queen, who showed the utmost regard and esteem for him. He died at London in 1728. His works were published together in Latin at London, 1733, in folio, and dedicated to the queen.

Freinsheimius, a learned and elegant author, born at Ulm in 1608. He made Supplements to Livy, Tacitus, and Q. Curtius, in 60 books, printed at Straßburg in 1654. He wrote likewise Notes upon Q. Curtius, Florus, Tacitus, and some other Latin authors; and died in 1660.