a certain number of men sworn to enquire into and try a matter of fact, and to declare the truth upon such evidence as shall appear before them.

Juries are, in these kingdoms, the supreme judges in all courts and in all causes in which either the life, property, or reputation, of any man is concerned: this is the distinguishing privilege of every Briton, and one of the most glorious advantages of our constitution; for as every one is tried by his peers, the meanest subject is as safe and as free as the greatest. See the article Trial.

Jury Malt, whatever is set up in room of a mast that has been lost in a storm or an engagement, and to which a lesser yard, ropes, and sails, are affixed.

JUS CORONÆ. See Hereditary Right, and Succession. Jus Deliberandi, in Scots law, that right which an heir has by law of deliberating for a certain time whether he will represent his predecessor.

Jus Devolutum, in Scots law, the right of the church, of presenting a minister to a vacant parish, in case the patron shall neglect to use that right within the time limited by law.

Jus Marii, in Scots law, the right the husband acquires to his wife's moveable estate, in virtue of the marriage.

Jus Relictae, in Scots law, the right the wife has in the goods in communion, in case of the previous death of the husband.

Jus Precedentiae, in Scots law, the preferable right of jurisdiction acquired by a court, in any cause to which other courts are equally competent, by having exercised the first act of jurisdiction.

Jus Civile, amongst the Romans, signified no more than the interpretation given by the learned, of the laws of the twelve tables, though the phrase now extends to the whole system of the Roman laws.

Jus Civitatis, signifies freedom of the city of Rome, which intitled those persons who had obtained it to most of the privileges of Roman citizens—yet it differs from Jus Quiritium, which extended to all the advantages which a free native of Rome was intitled to—the difference is much the same as betwixt denization and naturalization with us.

Jus Honorarium, was a name given to those Roman laws which were made up of edicts of the supreme magistrates, particularly the praetors.

Jus Imaginis, was the right of using pictures and statues amongst the Romans, and had some resemblance to the right of bearing a coat-of-arms amongst us. This honour was allowed to none but those whose ancestors or themselves had borne some curule office, that is, had been Curule Aedile, Censor, Praetor, or Consul.

The use of statues, &c. which the jus imaginis gave, was the exhibiting them in funeral processions, &c.

See Image.

Jus Papirianum, was the laws of Romulus, Numa, and other kings of Rome, collected into a body by Sextus Papinius, who lived in the time of Tarquin the Proud, which accounts for the name.

Jus Trium Liberorum was a privilege granted to such persons in the city of Rome as had three children, by which they were exempted from all troublesome offices. The same exemption was granted to any persons who lived in other parts of Italy, having four children; and those that lived in the provinces, provided they had five (or as some say seven) children, were intitled to the same immunities. This was good policy, and tended to the population of the empire. For a further account of these privileges, See Children.

Jussica, in botany: A genus of the monogynia order, belonging to the decandria class of plants; and in the natural method ranking under the 17th order, Calycanthaceae. The calyx is quadripartite or quinquepartite superior; there are four or five petals; the capsule quadrilocular or quinquilocular, oblong, opening at the angles; the seeds are numerous and small.