or Macroom, a town of Ireland, in the barony of Muskerry, county of Cork, and province of Munster, 142 miles from Dublin; it is situated amongst hills, in a dry gravelly limestone soil. This place is said to take its name from an old crooked oak, so called in Irish, which formerly grew here. The castle was first built in King John's time, soon after the English conquest, (according to Sir Richard Cox) by the Carews, but others attribute it to the Daltons. It was repaired and beautified by Teague Macarty, who died in the year 1565, and was father to the celebrated Sir Cormac MacTeague mentioned by Camden and other writers as an active person in Queen Elizabeth's time. The late Earls of Glanmarty altered this castle into a more modern structure, it being burnt down in the wars of 1641. Opposite to the bridge, is the parish-church, dedicated to St Columman of Cloyne. Here is a barrack for a foot company, a market-house, and handsome Roman Catholic chapel. A considerable number of persons have been employed in this town in combing wool and spinning yarn, and some salt-works have been erected here. At half a mile's distance is a spa, that rises on the very brink of a bog; its waters are a mild chalybeate, and are accounted serviceable in hypochondriacal cases, and in cutaneous eruptions. The fairs are four in the year.