(Marcellus), an eminent Italian physician and anatomist in the 17th century. He studied under Maffiari and Mariano. The duke of Tuscany invited him to Pisa, to be professor of physic there. In this city he contracted an intimate acquaintance with Borelli, to whom he ascribed all the discoveries he had made. He went back to Bologna, the air of Pisa not agreeing with him. Cardinal Antonio Pignatelli, who had known him while he was legate at Bologna, being chosen pope in 1691, under the name of Innocent XII, immediately sent for him to Rome, and appointed him his physician. But this did not hinder Malpighi from pursuing his studies, and perfecting his works, which have immortalized his memory. He died in 1661; and his works, with his life written by himself prefixed, were first collected and printed at London, in folio, in 1667.