or Teviotdale, a county of Scotland, deriving its name from the town of Roxburgh, which is now destroyed, and the river Teviot, that runs through the shire into the Tweed, is divided into the three districts of Teviotdale, Liddisdale, and Eskdale, or Euston, so called from their respective rivers, Teviot, Liddel, and Esk. It is bounded on the east and south-east by Northumberland and Cumberland, on the south and south-west by Annandale, on the west by Tweeddale, on the north by the Merse and Lauderdale; extending about 30 miles from east to west, and about 15 in breadth from the border of England to the Blue Cairn in Lauder-moor. The shire exhibits a rough irregular appearance of hills, moors, and mountains, interposed, however, with narrow valleys, and watered with delightful streams. Though the face of the country is bare of woods, the valleys yield plenty of corn, and the hills abound with pasture for sheep and black cattle. The principal mountains of this country are known by the name of Cocklaw: from whence a range of very high hills runs westward, dividing Scotland from England. On the confines of this shire are the debatable lands; the property of which was formerly disputed by the Scots and English borderers, but adjudged to the Scots at the union of the crowns.—Roxburghshire yields plenty of lime and freestone, which in former times was freely used by the inhabitants in building castles to defend them from the invasions of their English neighbours. The most distinguished families in this county are the Scots and Kers, who raised themselves to wealth and honours by their bravery and success in a sort of predatory war with their enemies of South Britain. The shire is very populous; and the people are stout and valiant. They were formerly instructed in military discipline and all the dangers of war, by living on dry marches contiguous to those of England; being so numerous and alert, that this and the neighbouring shire of Berwick could in 24 hours produce 10,000 men on horseback, well armed and accoutred. In the shire of Roxburgh we still meet with a great number of old castles and seats belonging to private gentlemen, whose ancestors signalized themselves in this manner; and we find the remains of old encampments, and a Roman military way, vulgarly called the caysway, running from Haunum to the Tweed. The principal town, called Roxburgh, giving the title of duke to the chief of the Kers, was anciently a royal borough, containing divers parishes, large and flourishing, defended by a strong citadel, which was often alternately reduced by the English and Scotch adventurers. It was in besieging this castle that James II. of Scotland lost his life by the bursting of a cannon. In consequence of the almost continual wars between the two nations, this fortress was razed, the town ruined, and its royalty translated to Jedburgh, which is now a royal borough, situated between the Teyf and Jed.