a city of Germany, capital of the circle of Upper Saxony, 50 miles north of Dresden. It is under immediate vassalage, and the seat of an aulic judiciary, a general superintendency, an inspection and constancy. The town is not large; but is well fortified, and contains a famous university, in which Melanchthon was a professor. In this place Martin Luther first began to preach against the pope's indulgences; and in the cathedral of All Saints he is said to have been buried. In the old citadel of this town the ancient Saxon electors used to reside. Besides the university, there is a Latin school in the town, with six masters. The library belonging to the university is said to be very valuable. In 1756 the Prussians being masters of the town, destroyed a part of its fortifications. E. Long, 12. 47. N. Lat. 51. 49.