or Matsumai, is the largest of the Kuril islands; and if it be not independent, is tributary Mayorga, to Japan. The capital town of the same name, Mat- Mayow- mai, is situated on the sea-shore, on the south-west side. It was built and is inhabited by the Japanese. It is a fortified place, furnished with artillery, and defended by a numerous garrison. The island of Matmai is the place of exile for persons of distinction at Japan; it is sepa- rated from that empire by only a narrow channel, but which is considered as dangerous, because the capes, which project on both sides, render the navigation dif- ficult. The people are said to be sensible to friend- ship, hospitable, generous, and humane.