a river of Asia, which has its source near that of the Euphrates in the mountain Tchirdir in Turcomania: afterwards it separates Diarbekir from Erzerum, and Khufifan from Irac-Arabia; and uniting with the Euphrates at Gorno, it falls into the gulf of Bafforah, under the name of Schar el-Arab. This river passes by Diarbekir, Gezira, Mouful, Bagdad, Gorno, and Bafforah.