the common name of forests among the Celts, from the widely extensive one which ranged for 500 miles across the country of Gaul, or that which covered more than half the county of Warwick in Britain, and the sites of which still retain the appellation of Arden, to the much smaller one of the ancient Manconien, that covered and surrounded the site of the present Manchester. It is written Ardven by Cæsar and Tacitus in speaking of the forest in Gaul, and Arden by Ossian in mentioning the woods of Caledonia. It cannot (says Mr Whittaker) be compounded of ar the prepositive article in Celtic, and the substantive den, as Baxter and Camden assert it to be; but is formed of ar an adjective, and ven the same as den. The meaning of the name therefore is not, as Mr Baxter renders it, simply the hills, or even, as the ingenious translator