a market-town of Derbyshire in England, pleasantly situated on a hill between two small rivers. It has the title of an earldom; and a considerable market for corn, lead, and other country commodities. The houses are for the most part built of rough stone, and covered with slate. W. Long, 1. 25. N. Lat. 53. 20.

Earl of. See Stanhope.

CHEVAL de Frise, a large piece of timber pierced, and traversed with wooden pikes, armed or pointed with iron, five or six feet long. See Plate CXXXVII.

The term is French, and properly signifies a Friesland horse; as having been first invented in that country.—It is also called a Turnpike or Turniquet.

Its use is to defend a passage, stop a breach, or make an entrenchment to stop the cavalry. It is sometimes also mounted on wheels, with artificial fires, to roll down in an assault. Errand observes, that the prince of Orange used to inclose his camp with Chevaux de Frise, placing them one over another.