the horny substance that covers the feet of divers animals, as oxen, horses, &c.

*Hook-bound.* See Farriery Index.

**HOOGUESTRAITTEN,** a town of the Netherlands, in Dutch Brabant, and capital of a county of the same name. E. Long. 4° 4' N. Lat. 51° 25'.

**HOOK,** in angling, &c. See Fishing-hook.

Hooks, in building, &c., are of various sorts; some of iron and others of brass, viz. 1. Armour-hooks, which are generally of brass, and are to lay up arms upon, as guns, muskets, half-pikes, pikes, javelins, &c. 2. Calement-hooks. 3. Chimney-hooks, which are made both of brass and iron, and of different fashions: their use is to set the tongs and fire-shovel against. 4. Curtain-hooks. 5. Hooks for doors, gates, &c. 6. Double line-hooks, large and small. 7. Single line-hooks, large and small. 8. Tenter-hooks of various sorts. See Tenter.

**Hooks of a ship,** are all those forked timbers which are placed directly upon the keel, as well as her run as in her rake.

**Can-Hooks,** those which being made fast to the end of a rope with a noose (like that which brewers use to sling or carry their barrels on), are made use of for slings.

**Foot-Hooks,** in a ship, the same with futtocks.

**Loof-Hooks,** a tackle with two hooks; one to hitch into a cringle of the main or fore-tail, in the bolt-rope to the leech of the sail by the clew; and the other is to hitch into a strap, which is spliced to the chief-tree.

Their use is to pull down the sail, and succour the tackles in a large sail and stiff gale, that all the strops may not bear upon the tack. It is also used when the tack is to be seized more secure, and to take off or put on a bonnet or drabler.

**Hook-Pins,** in architecture, are taper iron pins, only with a hook-head, to pin the frame of a roof or floor together.

**HOOKAH,** among the Arabs and other nations of the East, is a pipe of a singular and complicated construction, through which tobacco is smoked: out of a small vessel of a globular form, and nearly full of water, issue two tubes, one perpendicularly, on which is placed the tobacco; the other obliquely from the side of the vessel, and to that the person who smokes applies his mouth; the smoke by this means being drawn through water, is cooled in its passage and rendered more grateful: one takes a whiff, draws up a large quantity of smoke, puffs it out of his nose and mouth in an immense cloud, and passes the hookah to his neighbour; and thus it goes round the whole circle.

The hookah is known and used throughout the east; but in those parts of it where the refinements of life prevail greatly, every one has his hookah sacred to himself; and it is frequently an implement of a very costly nature, being of silver, and set with precious stones; in the better kind, that tube which is applied to the mouth is very long and pliant; and for that reason termed the snake: people who use it in a luxurious manner, fill the vellum through which the smoke is drawn with rose water, and it thereby receives some of the fragrant quality of that fluid.