a large peninsula, which makes the principal part of the kingdom of Denmark. It is bounded on the south-east by the duchy of Holstein, and is surrounded on the other sides by the German ocean and the Baltic sea. It is about 180 miles in length from north to south, and 50 in breadth from east to west. The air is very cold, but wholesome; and the soil is fertile in corn and pastures, which feed a great number of bees, that are sent to Germany, Holland, and elsewhere. This was anciently called the Cimbrian Cheronea, and is supposed to be the country from whence the Saxons came into England. It is divided into two parts, called North and South Jutland: the latter is the duchy of Sleswick, and lies between North Jutland and the duchy of Holstein; and the duke of that name is in possession of part of it, whose capital town is Gottorp, for which reason the sovereign is called the duke of Holstein Gottorp.
Juvenal, Decius Junius, the celebrated Roman satirist, was born about the beginning of the emperor Claudius's reign, at Aquinum in Campania. His father was probably a freed man, who, being rich, gave him a liberal education, and, agreeably to the taste of the times, bred him up to eloquence; in which he made a great progress, first under Fronto the grammarian, and afterwards, as is generally conjectured, under Quintilian; after which he attended the bar, and made a distinguished figure there for many years by his eloquence. In the practice of this profession he had improved his fortune and interest at Rome before he turned his thoughts to poetry, the very style of which, in his satires, speaks a long habit of declamation; fubaltum redolent declamatorum, say the critics. It is said he was above 40 years of age when he recited his first essay to a small audience of his friends; but being encouraged by their applause, he ventured a greater publication: which reaching the ears of Paris, Domitian's favourite at that time, though but a pantomime player, whom our satirist had severely insulted, that minion made his complaint to the emperor; who sent him thereupon into banishment, under pretence of giving him the command of a cohort in the army, which was quartered at Pentapolis, a city upon the frontiers of Egypt and Libya.
After Domitian's death, our satirist returned to Rome, sufficiently cautioned not only against attacking the characters of those in power, under arbitrary princes, but against all personal reflections upon the great men then living; and therefore he thus wisely concludes the debate he is supposed to have maintained for a while with a friend on this head, in the first satire, which seems to be the first that he wrote after his banishment:
Experiar quid concedatur in illos Quorum Flaminia tegitur cinis atque Latina.
"I will try what liberties I may be allowed with those whose ashes lie under the Flaminian and Latin ways," along each side of which the Romans of the first quality used to be buried.—It is believed that he lived till the reign of Adrian in 128. There are still extant 16 of his satires, in which he discovers great wit, strength, and keenness, in his language: but his style is not perfectly natural; and the obliquities with which these satires were filled render the reading of them dangerous to youth.