a sovereign state of Europe, bounded on the north by Luxemburg and the archbishopric of Trieres, on the east by Alsace and the duchy of Deux Ponts, on the south by Franche Comte, and on the west by Champagne and the duchy of Bar. It is about 100 miles in length, and 75 in breadth; and abounds in all sorts of corn, wine, hemp, flax, rape-seed, game and fish, with which it carries on some trade, and in general all the necessaries of life. There are fine meadows and large forests, with mines of iron, silver, and copper, as also salt pits. There are a great number of rivers; of which the principal are the Maëe or Meuse, the Moselle, the Seille, the Meur, and the Sarre. It is divided into three parts; the duchy of Lorraine, properly so called, which was heretofore a sovereign state; the duchy of Bar, which formerly belonged to the dukes of Lorraine, but afterwards came under the government of France; and the third comprehends the three bishoprics of Metz, Toul, and Verdun, which have belonged to France ever since the year 1552. In 1733, the emperor of Germany being at war with France, this last got possession of the duchy of Lorraine; and when there was a peace made in 1735, it was agreed, that Stanislaus king of Poland, father-in-law to the king of France, should possess these duchies, and that after his death they should be united forever to the crown of France. It was also then agreed, that Francis Stephen, duke of Lorraine, and the emperor's son-in-law, should have the grand duchy of Tuscany as an equivalent for Lorraine. After the death of the great duke of Tuscany, in 1737, King Stanislaus and the duke of Lorraine took possession of their respective dominions, and the cession was confirmed and guaranteed by a treaty in 1738. The trade consists in corn and linen cloth. Nancy is the capital town.

Robert le, an eminent sculptor, born at Paris in 1666. From his infancy, he made so rapid a progress in the art of designing, that at the age of 18 the celebrated Girardon intrusted him with the care of teaching his children and correcting his disciples. He committed to him also, in conjunction with Noulifon, the execution of the famous tomb of Cardinal Richelieu in the Sorbonne, and his own tomb at St Landres in Paris. On his return from Rome, he finished several pieces at Marlyelles, which had been left imperfect by the death of M. Puget. He was received into the academy of sculpture in 1701. His chief d'œuvre is Galatea, a work universally admired. Lorrain afterwards made a Bacchus for the gardens at Versailles, a Faun for those of Marly; and several bronzes, among which is an Andromeda; all in an excellent taste. This artist succeeded chiefly in heads; and more particularly in that of young girls, which he performed with incomparable delicacy and truth.

Claude. See CLAUDE.