Sr., the apostle, born at Bethsaida in Galilee, brother to Simon Peter. He had been a disciple of John the Baptist, and followed Jesus upon the testimony given of him by the Baptist (John i. 32, 37). He followed our Saviour with another of John's disciples, and went into the house where Jesus lodged; here he continued from about four o'clock in the afternoon till it was night. This was the first disciple whom our Saviour received into his train. Andrew introduced his brother Simon, and they passed a day with Christ, after which they went to the marriage in Cana (id. ii.), and at last returned to their ordinary occupation. Some months after, Jesus meeting them while they were both fishing together, called them to him, and promised to make them fishers of men. Immediately they left their nets, followed him (Mat. iv. 19), and never afterwards separated from him.

After our Saviour's ascension, his apostles having determined by lot what parts of the world they should severally take, Scythia and the neighbouring countries fell to St Andrew, who, according to Eusebius, after he had planted the gospel in several places, came to Patrae in Achaea, where, endeavouring to convert the proconsul Ægeas, he was by that governor's orders scourged, and then crucified. The particular time of his suffering martyrdom is not known; but all the ancient and modern martyrologies, both of the Greeks and Latins, agree in celebrating his festival upon the 30th of November. His body was embalmed, and decently interred at Patrae by Maximilla, a lady of great quality and estate. Afterwards it was removed to Constantinople by Constantine the Great, and buried in the great church, which he had built to the honour of the apostles. There is a cross to be seen at this day in the church of St Victor at Marseille, which is believed by the Romans to be the same that St Andrew was fastened to. It is in the shape of the letter X, and is enclosed in a silver shrine. Peter Chrysologus says, that he was crucified upon a tree; and the spurious Hippolytus affirms it was an olive tree.

or Knights of St Andrew, an order of knights, more usually called the order of the thistle. See Thistle.

Knights of St Andrew, is also an order instituted by Peter the Great of Muscovy in 1608; the badge of which is a golden medal; on one side whereof is represented St Andrew's cross, with these words, Caesar Pierre monarchique de tout le Russe. This medal, being fastened to a blue ribbon, is suspended from the right shoulder.

St Andrew's Cross, one in form of the letter X. See Cross.

St Andrew's Day, a festival of the Christian church, celebrated on the 30th of November, in honour of the apostle St Andrew.