ful 40 such hostages as he shall choose; none of whom shall be under 12, or above 40 years of age; the praetor, the general of the horse, and such as have been already hostages at Rome, are excepted out of this number. 6. Etolia shall renounce all pretensions to the cities and territories which the Romans have conquered, though those cities and territories had formerly belonged to the Eolians. 7. The city of Oenisi, and its district, shall be subject to the Acarnanians.

After the conquest of Macedon by Paulus Æmilius, they were reduced to a much worse condition; for not only those among them, who had openly declared for Perseus, but such as were only suspected to have favoured him in their hearts, were sent to Rome, in order to clear themselves before the senate. There they were detained, and never afterwards suffered to return into their native country. Five hundred and fifty of the chief men of the nation were barbarously affrighted by the partisans of Rome, for no other crime but that of being suspected to well with Perseus. The Eolians appeared before Paulus Æmilius in mourning habits, and made loud complaints of such inhuman treatment; but could obtain no redress: nay, ten commissioners, who had been sent by the senate to settle the affairs of Greece, enacted a decree, declaring, that those who were killed had suffered justly, since it appeared to them, that they had favoured the Macedonian party. From this time those only were raised to the chief honours and employments in the Eolian republic who were known to prefer the interest of Rome to that of their country; and as these alone were countenanced at Rome, all the magistrates of Eolia were the creatures and mere tools of the Roman senate. In this state of servile subjection they continued till the destruction of Corinth, and the dissolution of the Achaean league; when Eolia, with the other free states of Greece, was reduced to a Roman province, commonly called the province of Achaea. Nevertheless, each state and city was governed by its own laws, under the superintendency of the praetor whom Rome sent annually into Achaea. The whole nation paid a certain tribute, and the rich were forbidden to possess lands anywhere but in their own country.

In this state, with little alteration, Eolia continued under the emperors, till the reign of Constantine the Great, who, in his new partition of the provinces of the empire, divided the western parts of Greece from the rest, calling them Nea Epirus, and subjecting the whole country to the praefectus praetorio for Illyricum. Under the successors of Constantine, Greece was parcelled out into several principalities, especially after the taking of Constantinople by the Western princes. At that time, Theodorus Angelus, a noble Grecian, of the imperial family, seized on Eolia and Epirus. The former he left to Michael his son; who maintained it against Michael Palaeologus, the first emperor of the Greeks, after the expulsion of the Latins. Charles, the last prince of this family, dying in 1430 without lawful issue, bequeathed Eolia to his brother's son, named also Charles; and Acarnania to his natural sons, Memnon, Turnus, and Hercules. But, great disputes arising about this division, Amurath II., after the reduction of Thessalonica, laid hold of so favourable an opportunity, and drove them all out in 1432. The Ma-

hometans were afterwards dispossessed of this country by the famous prince of Epirus, George Caltriott, commonly called Scanderbeg; who, with a small army, opposed the whole power of the Ottoman empire, and defeated those barbarians in 22 pitched battles. That hero, at his death, left great part of Eolia to the Venetians; but, they not being able to make head against such a mighty power, the whole country was soon reduced by Mahomet II., whose successors hold it to this day.