in Ancient Geography, a town of Assyria, situated between the rivers Tigris and Tondadus (Pliny).—Another of Caria, on the Meander; called also Pythopolis, Athymbra, and Nyssa, or Nyfa, (Stephanus): but Strabo says, that Nyfa was near Tralles.—A third of Cilicia Trachea, on Mount Craigus (Ptolemy).—A fourth called Epiphanes, the capital of Syria, distinguished from cities of the same name, either by its situation on the Orontes, by which it was divided, or by its proximity to Daphne (See ANTIOCH).—A fifth Antiochia, a town of Comagene, on the Euphrates (Pliny).—A sixth of Lydia Tralles, so called (Pliny).—A seventh, of Margiana (Strabo, Pliny, Ptolemy), on the river Margus, taking its name from Antiochus, son of Selucus, who rebuilt it, and walled it round, being before called Alexandria, from Antiochian from Alexander the founder, and surnamed Syria; in compas seventy stadia; whither Orodus carried the Romans, after the defeat of Crassus (Pliny).—An eighth, in Mesopotamia, on the lake Calirrhoe, the old name of Edessa (Pliny).—A ninth Antiochia, on the river Mygdonius, in Mesopotamia, situated at the foot of Mount Maius, and is the same with Nisibis (Strabo, Plutarch). It was the bulwark and frontier town of the Romans against the Parthians and Persians, till given up to the Persians, by Jovinian, by an ignominious peace (Ammian, Eutropius).—A tenth Antiochia, was that situated in the north of Pithida (Luke, Ptolemy, Strabo): it was a Roman colony, with the appellation Caesarea. There is an Antiochia at Mount Taurus, mentioned by Ptolemy, but by no other author.

**ANTIOCHIAN sect or Academy**, a name given to the fifth academy, or branch of Academies. It took the denomination from its being founded by Antiochus, a philosopher contemporary with Cicero.—The Antiochian academy succeeded the Philonian. As to point of doctrine, the philosophers of this sect appear to have restored that of the ancient academy, except that in the article of the criterion of truth. Antiochus was really a Stoic, and only nominally an Academic.

**ANTIOCHIAN Epoch**, a method of computing time from the proclamation of liberty granted the city of Antioch about the time of the battle of Pharafalia.

**ANTIACHUS**, the name of several kings of Syria. See that article.

**ANTIACHUS of Acalon**, a celebrated philosopher, the disciple of Philo of Larissa, the master of Cicero, and the friend of Lucullus and Brutus. He was founder of a fifth academy: but, instead of attacking other sects, he set himself down to reconcile them together, particularly the sect of the Stoics with that of the ancient academy.

**ANTIPE**, in fabulous history, the wife of Licius, king of Thebes, who, being deflowered by Jupiter in the form of a satyr, brought forth Amphion and Zethus.—Another Antiope was queen of the Amazons; and, with the assistance of the Scythians, invaded the Athenians; and was vanquished by Theseus.

**ANTIPÆDOBAPTISTS**, (derived from ἀντί, against, παιδός, child, and βαπτίζω, baptize, whence βαπτιστής), is a distinguishing denomination given to those who object to the baptism of infants; because they say infants are incapable of being instructed, and of making that profession of faith which entitles them to this ordinance, and an admission into church communion. See Anabaptists and Baptists.