a city of Gascony, in France, now the department of the Lower Pyrenees; seated near the mouth of the river Adour, which forms a good harbour. It is moderately large, and of great importance. It is divided into three parts. The great town is on this side the river Nive; the little town is between the Nive and the Adour; and the suburb of Saint Esprit is beyond this last river. Both the former are surrounded with an old wall and a dry ditch, and there is a small castle in each. That of Great Bayonne is flanked with four round towers, and is the place where the governor resides. The new castle is flanked with four towers, in the form of bastions. The first enclosure is covered with another, composed of eight bastions, with a great horn-work, and a half-moon; all which are encompassed with a ditch, and a covered way. There is communication between the city and the suburbs by a bridge, and the suburbs are well fortified. The citadel is seated beyond the Adour, on the side of the suburbs above mentioned. The public buildings have nothing remarkable; it is the only city in the kingdom that has the advantage of two rivers, wherein the tide ebbs and flows. The river Nive is deeper than the Adour, but less rapid, by which means ships come up into the middle of the city. There are two bridges over the river, by which the old and new towns communicate with each other. The trade of this town is the more considerable, on account of its neighbourhood to Spain, and the great quantity of wines which are brought hither from the adjacent country. The Dutch carry off a great number of pipes in exchange for spices and other commodities, which they bring thither. The inhabitants had formerly the privilege of guarding two of their three gates, and the third was kept by the king. W. Long. 1. 20. N. Lat. 43. 20.