an officer ordained for the se- curity and preservation of the privileges of some cities and communities, having a commission to judge of and determine the differences among them.

In most catholic universities there are two conserva- tors; the conservator of royal privileges, or those granted by kings; and the conservator of apostolical privileges, or those granted by the pope. The first takes cognizance of personal and mixed causes between the regents, students, &c., and the latter of spiritual matters between ecclesiastics.

Anciently there were appointed conservators of trea- ties of peace between princes; which conservators became judges of the infractions made on a treaty, and were charged with procuring satisfaction to be made. These were usually the feudatories of the fe- deral powers. In lieu of conservators, princes now have recourse to other indifferent princes to guarantee their treaties.