in Gardening, a small wood impervious to the rays of the sun.

GROVES have been in all ages held in great veneration. The profeuchae, and high places of the Jews, whither they resorted for the purposes of devotion, were probably situated in groves: See Joshua xxiv. 26. The profeuchae in Alexandria, mentioned by Philo, Grove. had groves about them, because he complains that the Alexandrians, in a tumult against the Jews, cut down the trees of their profecche.

The ancient Romans had a fort of groves near several of their temples, which were consecrated to some god, and called luci, by antiphrais, à non lucendo, as being shady and dark. The veneration which the ancient druids had for groves is well known.

Modern groves are not only great ornaments to gardens: but are also the greatest relief against the violent heat of the sun, affording shade to walk under in the hottest parts of the day, when the other parts of the garden are useless; so that every garden is defective which has not shade.

Groves are of two sorts, viz. either open or close. Open groves are such as have large shady trees, which stand at such distances, as that their branches approach so near to each other as to prevent the rays of the sun from penetrating through them.

Close groves have frequently large trees standing in them; but the ground under these is filled with shrubs or underwood; so that the walks which are in them are private, and fenced from winds: by which means they are rendered agreeable for walking, at those times when the air is either too hot or too cold in the more exposed parts of the garden. These are often contrived so as to bound the open groves, and frequently to hide the walls or other inclosures of the garden: and when they are properly laid out, with dry walks winding through them, and on the sides of these sweet-smelling shrubs and flowers irregularly planted, they have a charming effect.

Henry, a learned and ingenious Presbyterian divine, was born at Taunton in Somersetshire, in 1683. Having obtained a sufficient stock of classical literature, he went through a course of academical learning, under the reverend Mr Warren of Taunton, who had a flourishing academy. He then removed to London, and studied some time under the reverend Mr Rowe, to whom he was nearly related. Here he contracted a friendship with several persons of merit, and particularly with Dr Watts, which continued till his death, though they were of different opinions in several points warmly controverted among divines. After two years spent under Mr Rowe, he returned into the country, and began to preach with great reputation; when an exact judgment, a lively imagination, and a rational and amiable representation of Christianity, delivered in a sweet and well-governed voice, rendered him generally admired; and the spirit of devotion which prevailed in his sermons procured him the esteem and friendship of Mrs Singer, afterwards Mrs Rowe, which she expressed in a fine ode on death, addressed to Mr Grove. Soon after his beginning to preach, he married; and on the death of Mr Warren, was chosen to succeed him in the academy at Taunton. This obliging him to reside there, he preached for 18 years to two small congregations in the neighbourhood; and though his salary from both was less than twenty pounds a-year, and he had a growing family, he went through it cheerfully. In 1728, he published a piece, entitled, The Regulations of Diversions, drawn up for the use of his pupils. About the same time, he entered into a private dispute by letter with Dr Samuel Clarke: but they not being able to convince each other, the debate was dropped with expressions of great mutual esteem. He next wrote several papers printed in the Spectator, viz. Numbers 588, 601, 626, 635. The last was republished, by the direction of Dr Gibbon bishop of London, in the Evidences of the Christian Religion, by Joseph Addison, Esq. In 1725, Mr James, his partner in the academy, dying, he succeeded him in his pastoral charge at Fulwood, near Taunton, and engaged his nephew to undertake the other parts of Mr James's work as tutor; and in this situation Mr Grove continued till his death, which happened in 1738. His great concern with his pupils, was to inspire and cherish in them a prevailing love of truth, virtue, liberty, and genuine religion, without violent attachments or prejudices in favour of any party of Christians. He represented truth and virtue in a most engaging light; and though his income, both as a tutor and a minister, was insufficient to support his family, without breaking into his paternal estate, he knew not how to refuse the call of charity. Besides the above pieces, he wrote, 1. An Essay towards a demonstration of the Soul's Immortality. 2. An Essay on the Terms of Christian Communion. 3. The Evidence of our Saviour's Resurrection considered. 4. Some Thoughts concerning the Proof of a Future State from Reason. 5. A Discourse concerning the Nature and Design of the Lord's Supper. 6. Wisdom the first spring of Action in the Deity. 7. A Discourse on Saving Faith. 8. Miscellanies in prose and verse. 9. Many Sermons, &c. After his decease, his posthumous works were published by subscription, in four volumes octavo, with the names of near 700 subscribers, among whom were some of the best judges of merit in the established church.