JOHN GOTLIB, one of the greatest civilians of the 18th century, was born at Eisenberg, in the principality of Altenburg, in 1681. After having studied at Gotha and Leipzig, he was designed for the ministry, and began to preach; but disliking that profession, he laid it aside, and applied himself entirely to the study of philosophy and the civil law. In 1710, he became professor of philosophy at Hall; and in 1721, he was made professor of civil law, with the title of counsellor of the court. His great reputation made the states of Friesland invite him to Franeker in 1724; but three years after, the king of Prussia prevailed on him to accept of a professorship of law at Frankfort on the Oder, where he distinguished himself till the year 1733. Becoming again professor at Hall, he remained there till his death, which happened in 1741, notwithstanding his being invited to Marpurg, Denmark, and three academies in Holland. He wrote many works, all of them much esteemed. The principal are, 1. Antiquitatum Romanarum jurisprudentiam illustrantium syn- tagma. It was this excellent abridgement that gave rise to his reputation in foreign countries. 2. Elementa juris civilis secundum ordinem institutionum et pandecta- rum. 3. Fundamenta styli culturis. There are few works

company were instantly thunderstruck, and all the courtiers not in the plot were thrown into a stupid consternation. Heidegger flew to the music-gallery, swore, stamped, and raved, accusing the musicians of drunkenness, or of being set on by some secret enemy to ruin him. The king and the countess laughed so immoderately, that they hazarded a discovery. While Heidegger stayed in the gallery, "God save the king" was the tune; but when, after setting matters to rights, he retired to one of the dancing rooms, to observe if decorum was kept by the company, the counterfeit stepping forward, and placing himself upon the floor of the theatre, just in front of the music gallery, called out in a most audible voice, imitating Heidegger, damned them for blockheads, had he not just told them to play "Charly o'er the water?" A pause ensued: the musicians, who knew his character, in their turn thought him either drunk or mad; but as he continued his vociferation, "Charly" was played again. At this repetition of the supposed affront, some of the officers of the guards, who always attended upon these occasions, were for ascending the gallery and kicking the musicians out; but the late duke of Cumberland, who could hardly contain himself, interposed. The company were thrown into great confusion. "Shame! Shame!" resounded from all parts, and Heidegger once more flew in a violent rage to that part of the theatre facing the gallery. Here the duke of Montagu, artfully addressing himself to him, told him, "The king was in a violent passion; that his best way was to go instantly and make an apology, for certainly the musicians were mad, and afterwards to discharge them. Almost at the same instant, he ordered the false Heidegger to do the same. The scene now became truly comic in the circle before the king. Heidegger had no sooner made a genteel apology for the insolence of his musicians, but the false Heidegger advanced, and in a plaintive tone, cried out, "Indeed, Sire, it was not my fault but that devil's in my likeness." Poor Heidegger turned round, flared, staggered, grew pale, and could not utter a word. The duke then humanely whispered in his ear the sum of his plot, and the counterfeit was ordered to take off his mask. Here ended the frolic; but Heidegger swore he would never attend any public amusement, if that witch the wax-work woman did not break the mould, and melt down the mask before his face.

Being once at supper with a large company, when a question was debated, Which nationalist of Europe had the greatest ingenuity? to the surprise of all present, he claimed that character for the Swiss, and appealed to himself for the truth of it. "I was born a Swiss (said he), and came to England without a farthing, where I have found means to gain 5000l. a-year, and to spend it. Now I defy the most able Englishman to go to Switzerland, and either to gain that income or to spend it there."—Heidegger is said to have had so remarkable a memory, that he once walked from Charing-cross to Temple-bar, and back again; and when he came home, wrote down every sign on each side of the street. HEI

Heineccius works so useful as this for forming a Latin style.

Elementa philosophiae rationalis et moralis, quibus praemissa historia philosophica. 5. Historia juris civilis Romanii ac Germanici. 6. Elementa juris nature et gentium, &c.