in Latin Lugdunum Batavorum, one of the largest and finest cities in Holland, abounds with canals, canals, along which are rows of lofty trees that afford very pleasant walks. An arm or small branch of the Rhine runs through it. Over the canals are 145 bridges, most of them of stone or brick. The university here is the oldest in the United Provinces; it has large privileges; a library well furnished, and particularly rich in manuscripts; a physic-garden well stocked with all sorts of plants, many of which have been brought from the Cape of Good Hope and the East Indies; an anatomy-hall, well provided with skeletons; and an observatory. The professors, who are generally very eminent, read public lectures four times a week, for which they take no money, but about three guineas are paid for a course of private lectures, which lasts a whole year. The students have no distinct habit, but all wear swords, though they generally go to the public and private lectures in their night-gowns and slippers. The salaries of the professors are from 100l. to 200l. a-year: they wear gowns only when they preside at public disputations, read public lectures, or meet in the senate; and their lectures are always in Latin. The students do not lodge in the university, but where they please in the town. The cloth manufacture here is much decayed, which formerly flourished to such a degree, that 100,000 pieces, it is said, have sometimes been made in a year. The city is famous for the long and severe siege it maintained in 1573 against the Spaniards. We cannot help mentioning the reply of that illustrious magistrate, Adrian de Vert, when the citizens represented to him the havoc made by the famine during the siege, and insisted upon his surrendering: "Friends (said he), here is my body, divide it among you to satisfy your hunger, but banish all thoughts of surrendering to the cruel and perfidious Spaniards." They took his advice, in regard to their not surrendering, and never would listen to any overtures; but told the Spaniards, they would hold out, as long as they had one arm to eat and another to fight. There are some fine churches here, and many long, broad, handsome streets; but the Papists, as at Haarlem, are more numerous than the Protestants.

**LEYDEN Phia**, a phial coated on the inside and outside with tinfoil, or other proper conducting substance, and furnished with a brass wire and knob, for giving the electrical shock. See Electricity Index.

**Lucas Van LEYDEN.** See Lucas.