a small republic of Italy, on the coast of the Mediterranean, between the territory of Genoa on the west, Modena on the north, and Tuscany on the east. According to Keyser, it is only about 30 miles in circumference, but is exceeding fertile and populous. It contains, besides the city of Lucca, 150 villages. The number of inhabitants is computed at 120,000. The government is lodged in a gonfalonier, whose power is much the same with that of the doges of Venice and Genoa. He is assisted by nine counsellors: but the power of all the ten continues only for two months; during which time they live in the state-palace, and at the public expence. They are chosen out of the great council, which consists of 240 nobles; but even this council is changed by a new election every two years. The revenues of the republic are about 400,000 feudi or crowns; out of which they maintain 500 men by way of regular force, and 70 Swiss as a guard to their acting magistrates. The city of Lucca is situated in a plain, terminating in most delightful eminences, adorned with villas, summer-houses, corn-fields, and plantations of every kind; so that nothing either for use or for pleasure is here wanting. The city, which is about three Italian miles in circumference, has regular well-lined fortifications; and its streets though irregular, are wide, well paved, and full of handsome houses. The number of its inhabitants is computed to be above 40,000; and they carry on large manufactures, especially of silk stuffs. Lucca has a bishop, who enjoys several extraordinary privileges; and its cathedral is Gothic. The city stands in E. Long. 11. 27. N. Lat. 43. 52.