in fabulous history, the first king of Arcadia, son of Pelasgus and Meliboea. He built a town called Lycoura, on the top of Mount Lyceus, in honour of Jupiter. He had many wives, by whom he had a daughter called Callisto, and 50 sons. He was succeeded on the throne by Nyctimus, the eldest of his sons. He lived about 1820 years before the Christian era.—Another king of Arcadia, celebrated for his cruelties. He was changed into a wolf by Jupiter, because he offered human victims on the altar of the god Pan. Some attribute this metamorphosis to another cause. The sins of mankind, as they relate, were become so enormous, that Jupiter visited the earth to punish wickedness and impiety. He came to Arcadia, where he was announced as a god, and the people began to pay proper adoration to his divinity. Lycaon, however, who used to sacrifice all strangers to his wanton cruelty, laughed at the pious prayers of his subjects; and to try the divinity of the god, he served up human flesh on his table. This impiety so irritated Jupiter, that he immediately destroyed the house of Lycaon, and changed him into a wolf.

LYCÆONIA, in Ancient Geography, a small country of the Hither Asia, contained between Pamphylia to the south, Cappadocia to the north, Pisidia and Phrygia to the west, and Armenia Minor to the east. Lycaeones, the people. This country, though situated very near Mount Taurus, and part of it on it, yet the Romans reckoned it in Asia intra Taurum. Arcadia, anciently called Lyceonia (Stephanus).—Also an island in the Tiber, joined to Rome by a bridge, and to the land by another, namely, the Cettius and Fabricius.