or MALLOCH, David, an English poet, but a Scotsman by birth, was born in that country about 1700. By the penury of his parents, he was compelled to be janitor of the high school at Edinburgh; but he surmounted the disadvantages of his birth and fortune; for when the duke of Montrose applied to the college of Edinburgh for a tutor to educate his sons, Malloch was recommended. When his pupils went abroad, they were intrusted to his care; and having conducted them through their travels, he returned with them to London. Here, residing in their family, he naturally gained admission to persons of high rank and character. His first production was the popular and pathetic ballad of "William and Margaret," which was printed in the Plain Dealer, No. 36. 1724. In the last edition of his works it appears considerably altered. In 1733, he published a poem on verbal Criticism, on purpose to make his court to Pope. In 1740, he wrote a Life of Lord Bacon, which was then prefixed to an edition of his works; but with so much more knowledge of history than of science, that, when he afterwards undertook the Life of Marlborough, some were apprehensive lest he should forget that Marlborough was a general, as he had forgotten that Bacon was a philosopher. The old duchess of Marlborough assigned in her will this task to Glover and Mallet, with a reward of 1000l. and a prohibition to insert any verses. Glover is supposed to have rejected the legacy with disdain, so that the work devolved upon Mallet; who had also a pension from the duke of Marlborough to promote his industry, and who was continually talking of the discoveries he made, but left not when he died any historical labours behind. When the prince of Wales was driven from the palace, and kept a separate court by way of opposition, to increase his popularity by patronizing literature, he made Mallet his under secretary, with a salary of 200l. a-year.—Thomson likewise had a pension; and they were affixed in the composition of the Masque of Alfred, which, in its original state, was played at Cliefden in 1740. It was afterwards almost wholly changed by Mallet, and brought upon the stage of Drury Lane in 1751, but with no great success. He had before published two tragedies; Eurydice, acted at Drury Lane in 1731; and Mustapha, acted at the same theatre in 1739. It was dedicated to the prince his master, and was well received, but never was revived. His next work was Amynth and Theodora (1747), a long story in blank verse; in which there is copiousness and elegance of language, vigour of sentiment, and imagery well adapted to take possession of the fancy. In 1753, his masque of Britannia was acted at Drury Lane, and his tragedy of Elvira in 1763; in which year he was appointed keeper of the book of entries for ships in the port of London. In the beginning of the war, which ended in 1763, when the nation was exasperated by ill success, he was employed to turn the public vengeance upon Byng, and wrote a letter of accusation under the character of a Plain Man. The paper was with great industry circulated and dispersed; and for his zealous intervention he had a considerable pension bestowed upon him, which he retained to his death. Towards the end of his life he went with his wife to France; but after a while, finding his health declining, he returned alone to England, and died in April 1765. He was twice married, and by his first wife had several children. One daughter, who married an Italian of rank named Cileha, wrote a tragedy called Almida, which was acted at Drury Lane. His stature was diminutive, but he was regularly formed; his appearance till he grew corpulent, was agreeable, and he suffered it to want no recommendation that drets could give it. His conversation was elegant and easy.

Edme, was born at Melun in 1713, and enjoyed a curacy in the neighbourhood of his native place till 1751, when he went to Paris to be professor of theology in the college of Navarre, of which he was admitted a doctor. Boyer, bishop of Mirepoix, was at first much prejudiced against him; but being afterwards undeceived, he conferred upon him the see of Verdun as a reward for his doctrine and morals. Jansefim had been imputed to him by his enemies with this prelate; and the gazette which went by the name of Ecclésiastical, accused him of impiety. Either of these imputations was equally undeserved by the abbé Mallet: as a Christian, he was grieved at the disputes of the French church; and, as a philosopher, he was astonished that the government had not, from the very beginning of those diffusions imposed silence on both parties. He died at Paris in 1755, at the age of 42. The principal of his works are, 1. Principes pour la lecture des Poètes, 1745, 12mo, 2 vols. 2. Essai sur l'Etude des Belles Lettres, 1747, 12mo. Mallet. 12mo. 3. Essai sur les bienfaisance oratoires, 1753, 12mo. 4. Précis des leçons des Orateurs, 1753, 12mo. 3 vols. 5. Histoire des Guerres civiles de France sous les règnes de François II. Charles IX. Henri III. et Henri IV. translated from the Italian of d'Avila.—In Mallet's work on the Poets, Orators, and the Belles Lettres, his object is no more than to explain with accuracy and precision the rules of the great masters, and to support them by examples from authors ancient and modern. The style of his different writings, to which his mind bore a great resemblance, was neat, easy, and unaffected. But what must render his memory estimable, was his attachment to his friends, his candour, moderation, gentleness, and modesty. He was employed to write the theological and brefs lettres articles in the Encyclopédie; and whatever he wrote in that dictionary was in general well composed. Abbé Mallet was preparing two important works when the world was deprived of him by death. The first was Une Histoire générale de nos Guerres depuis le commencement de la Monarchie; the second, Une Histoire du Concile de Trente, which he intended to set in opposition to that of Father Paul translated by Father le Courayer.

large kind of hammer made of wood; much used by artificers who work with a chisel, as sculptors, masons, and stone-cutters, whose mallet is ordinarily round; and by carpenters, joiners, &c. who use it square. There are several sorts of mallets used for different purposes on ship-board. The caulking mallet is chiefly employed to drive the oakum into the seams of a ship, where the edges of the planks are joined to each other in the sides, deck, or bottom. The head of this mallet is long and cylindrical, being hooped with iron to prevent it from splitting in the exercise of caulking. There is also the serving mallet, used in serving the rigging, by binding the spun yarn more firmly about it than it could, possibly be done by hand, which is performed in the following manner; the spun-yarn being previously rolled up in a large ball or clue, two or three turns of it are passed about the rope, and about the body of the mallet, which for this purpose is furnished with a round channel in its surface, that conforms to the convexity of the rope intended to be served. The turns of the spun-yarn being strained round the mallet, so as to confine it firmly to the rope, which is extended above the deck, one man passes the ball continually about the rope, whilst the other, at the same time, winds on the spun-yarn by means of the mallet, whose handle acting as a lever strains every turn about the rope as firm as possible.