JOHN, a learned Spanish historian, born at Talavera in the diocese of Toledo. He entered among the Jesuits in 1554, at 17 years of age; and became one of the most learned men of his time. He was a great divine, a good humanist, and profoundly versed in ecclesiastical as well as profane history. He taught at Rome, in Sicily, at Paris, and in Spain; and died at Toledo in 1624. His principal works are, 1. An excellent history of Spain in 30 books: which he himself translated from the Latin into Spanish, without servilely following his own Latin edition. 2. Scholia, or short notes on the Bible. 3. A treatise on the changes the species has undergone in Spain; for which he was thrown into prison by the duke of Lerma, the Spanish minister. 4. A famous treatise De rege et regis institutione, which made much noise, and was condemned by the parliament of Paris to be burnt by the hands of the common hangman, for his asserting in that work, that it is lawful to murder tyrants. 5. A work on the faults of the government of the society of Jesuits, which has been translated into Spanish, Latin, Italian, French, &c.

MARIANUS scorus, an Irish monk, was related to the venerable Bede, and wrote a chronicle which is esteemed. He died in the abbey of Fuld in 1086, aged 58.