a city and mountain of Caria; also a promontory of Asia opposite Samos, celebrated for a battle which was fought there between the Greeks and Persians about the year of Rome 275. The Persians were about 100,000 men, who had just returned from the unsuccessful expedition of Xerxes in Greece.—They had drawn their ships to the shore, and fortified themselves strongly, as if determined to support a siege. They suffered the Greeks to disembark from their fleet without the least molestation, and were soon obliged to give way before the cool and resolute intrepidity of an inferior number of men. The Greeks obtained complete victory, slaughtered fome thousands of the enemy, burned their camp, and sailed back to Samos with an immense booty, in which were 70 chests of money.

MYCENÆ, in Ancient Geography, a town of Argolis, in Peloponnesus. The kingdom of the Argives was divided into two portions by Acrisius and his brother Proetus. Argos and Mycenæ were their capitals.

These, as belonging to the same family, and distant only about 50 stadia or six miles and a quarter from each other, had one tutelary deity, Juno, and were jointly proprietors of her temple, the Hereum, which was near Mycenæ. It was here that Agamemnon reigned. He enlarged his dominions by his valour and good fortune, and possessed, besides Mycenæ, the region about Corinth and Sicyon, and that called afterwards Achaea. On his return from Troy, he was slain with his companions at a banquet. Mycenæ then declined: and under the Heraclidae was made subject to Argos. (See Argos and Argeia). The Mycenæans sending 80 men, partook with the Lacedemonians in the glory acquired at Thermopylae. The jealousy of the Argives produced the destruction of their city, which was abandoned after a siege, and laid waste in the first year of the 78th Olympiad, or 466 years before Christ. Some part of the wall remained in the second century, with a gate on which were lions, a fountain, the subterraneous edifices where Atreus and his sons had deposited their treasures, and, among other sepulchral monuments, one of Agamemnon, and one of his fellow soldiers and sufferers.