TEMPLE OF, a celebrated temple at Rome, which was consumed by fire A.D. 191; produced, as some writers suppose, by a slight earthquake, for no thunder was heard at the time. Dio Cassius, however, supposes that it began in the adjoining houses. Be that as it will, the temple, with all the surrounding buildings, was reduced to ashes. That magnificent structure had been raised by Vespasian after the destruction of Jerusalem, and enriched with the spoils and ornaments of the temple of the Jews. The ancients speak of it as one of the most stately buildings in Rome. There men of learning used to hold their assemblies, and lodge their writings, as many others deposited their jewels, and whatever else they esteemed of great value. It was likewise likewise made use of as a kind of magazine for the spices that were brought by the Roman merchants out of Egypt and Arabia; so that many rich persons were reduced to beggary, all their valuable effects and treasures being consumed in one night, with the temple.