or SION, in Ancient Geography, a very famous mountain, standing on the north side of the city of Jerusalem, (Psal. xlvii. 2.) containing the upper city, built by King David; and where stood the royal palace, (Josephus.) A part of Zion, situated at its extremity, was called Millo, or of in the city of David, (2 Chron. xxxii. 5.) Modern travellers, who have been upon the spot, say, that Zion is the whole of the mountain, on which Jerusalem stands at this day, though not to the extent in which it anciently stood on the same mountain, as appears Psal. ix. 12, 13. lxv. 1. lxxxvii. 2, 3. If. lxii. 1. It is divided into several eminences or tops; as Moriah, Aera Bezetha, and Zion a particular eminence or mount, and Zion Proper, &c. encompassed on three sides, east, west, and south, with one continued very deep and steep valley; by means of which it was impregnable on these three sides, and always attacked and taken, according to Josephus, by the enemy on the north side, where Mount Zion became level, and the vales of Gihon and Jechoshaphat gradually lose themselves. This deep and steep valley incontestably constitutes the compass of the old Jerusalem on these three sides, as plainly appears to any person who has been upon the spot. On that particular top of the mount called Zion stood the fortres of the Jebusites; which being afterwards taken by David came to be called the City of David, where he had his royal residence and kept his court. That part of the valley which lay to the east was called Jehoshaphat's, having Mount Olivet lying beyond it; that to the south Gehinnon; and that to the west, Gihon, from cognominal mountains lying beyond them. At the west end of Gihon, without the city, stood Golgotha or Calvary. The pretended Golgotha, shewn at this day within the walls, is the spurious brat of interested and fraudulent monks, (Korte.) There is another Zion, the fame with HERMON.

or Zion College. See LONDON, No 76.