among the modern Greeks, denotes the spectre of some wicked person who died excommunicated by the patriarch, reanimated by the devil, and causing great disturbance among the people; of which many strange stories are told. The word is Greek, and is sometimes written Βουκολακης, *boukolakos*; and supposed to be derived from Βυγεις, or Βυγεια, "mud," and Ακκος, a "ditch," on account of the thinness of the sight.