name given to the Catholics of Antioch in the 4th century, on occasion of their refusal to acknowledge any other bishop beside St Eustathius, deposed by the Arians.

The denomination was given them during the episcopate of Paulinus, whom the Arians substituted to St Eustathius, about the year 330, when they began to hold their assemblies apart. About the year 350, Leontius of Phrygia, called the eunuch, who was an Arian, and was put in the see of Antioch, desired the Eustathians to perform their service in his church; which they accepting, the church of Antioch served indifferently both the Arians and Catholics.

This, we are told, gave occasion to two institutions, which have subsisted in the church ever since. The first was psalmody in two choirs; though M. Baillet thinks, that if they instituted an alternate psalmody between two choirs, it was between two Catholic choirs, and not by way of response to an Arian choir. The second was the doxology, Glory be to the Father, and the Son, and the Holy Ghost. See Doxology.

This conduct, which seemed to imply a kind of communion with the Arians, gave great offence to abundance