the capital of a county of the same name in Germany, and the circle of Westphalia. It is seated on a river of the same name, and was formerly the residence of the principal branch of the house of Lippe. It is now in the possession of the king of Prussia, and carries on a good trade in preparing timber for building vessels on the Rhine, with which it has a communication by the river Lippe. The country round it is unwholesome and marshy. E. Long. 8° 12'. N. Lat. 51° 43'.

LIPI, LORENZO, a painter of history and portraits, was born in 1606, and learned the principles of painting from Matteo Roselli. He had an exquisite genius for music and poetry, as well as for painting, and in the latter his proficiency was so great, that some of his compositions in the historical style were taken for those of Roselli. However, growing at last dissatisfied with the manner of that master, he chose the manner of Santi di Titi, who was excellent both in design and invention, and appeared to have more of simple nature and truth in his compositions than any other artist of that time. At Florence Lippi painted many grand designs for the chapels and convents, by which he enlarged his reputation; and at the court of Innspruck, he painted a great number of portraits of the first nobility. LIS

bility, which were deservedly admired. Yet, although he was fond of imitating simple nature without any embellishments from invention, his works are held in the highest esteem for the graceful airs of the heads, for the correctness of his outline, and for the elegant disposition of the figures. He died in 1664.

LIPIUS, Justus, a learned critic, was born at Isch, a small village near Brussels, in 1547. After having distinguished himself in polite literature, he became secretary to Cardinal de Granvellan at Rome, where the best libraries were open to him; and he spent much labour in collating the MSS. of ancient authors. He lived 13 years at Leyden; during which he composed and published what he esteems his best works; but settled at Louvain, where he taught polite literature with great reputation. He was remarkable for steadfastness in religion, fluctuating often between the Protestants and Papists; but he became finally a bigotted catholic. He died at Louvain in 1606; and his works are collected in six volumes folio.