one of the states of the North American republic. It is entirely an island state, and has New Hampshire on the east, Massachusetts on the south, New York on the west, and Canada on the north. Its area is 10,237 square miles; and the inhabitants in 1810 amounted to 217,895. The country is traversed by the Green mountains, from which the state takes its name; but though hilly and uneven, it is generally fertile. The whole surface in its natural state is thickly wooded. The snow lies from the middle of December to the middle of March. The extreme summer heat is about 94° F.; the extreme winter cold 27° below zero; the mean heat 43°. Lake Champlain forms the western boundary of this state for three fourths of its length, and Connecticut river the eastern boundary through its whole extent. There are several small streams besides these, but no other considerable rivers in the state.

There are rich mines of iron in Vermont, and mines of lead and copper of less importance. Marble and slate are also found in it. Its natural forests furnish timber of large size, and a great variety of kinds. Of quadrupeds, there are the bear, wolf, wild cat, fox, ermine, racoon, beaver and musk rat. The lakes and rivers furnish a great variety of fish.

The inhabitants have a more florid complexion than those of the middle and southern states. They are temperate and industrious, and with a few exceptions are engaged in agriculture.

The legislature consists of a general assembly chosen annually by ballot, by the male taxable citizens of twenty-one years of age; and the executive power is vested in a governor, lieutenant-governor, and twelve counsellors chosen along with the representatives. A peculiar feature in the constitution, is the council of censors, thirteen in number, chosen every seven years by the people, to examine and report upon the proceedings of the executive and the representatives, and with power to call a convention of the people to amend the constitution. The judges are chosen annually by the council and assembly. A portion of land out of each township is set apart for the support of the clergyman of any denomination that is first settled. The prevailing sect are the Congregationalists, the next in number the Baptists. Tracts of land have been set apart also for the support of schools. There are two colleges, at Burlington and Middlebury.

The value of houses and lands in this state in 1799 was $16,723,873 dollars, and in 1814 it was $32,747,299, and the average value of lands at the latter period was $6 dollars 40 cents per acre. The manufactures of this state in 1810 were valued at $4,325,824 dollars; and Vermont the exports in 1817 amounted to $13,201 dollars.