a city, the capital of the duchy of the same name, and the seat of a Lutheran superintendent, and of the courts of revenue and justice. It is on the river Pleisse, and has broad streets, though irregularly built, from its hilly position. The ducal castle is an ancient building, surrounded by picturesque scenery. The city contains 1279 houses, and 10,160 inhabitants, who are in- Altenburg lustrious and frugal, and who make some silk and more woollen goods, tapes, pottery, tobacco, brushes, starch, carriages, and musical instruments. There are several institutions for education, for the poor, and for the sick. Long. 12. 18. 17. E. Lat. 51. 0. 11. N.

ALTERNATION, a small fortified town of Hungary, in the territory of Moson, near the Danube, about fifty miles from Vienna. Long. 17. 20. E. Lat. 48. 15. N.

ALTERNBURG, or Owar, a small but strong town of Hungary, seated in a marsh, with wide streets. It is near the river Danube, and is surrounded by deep ditches. It is 15 miles south of Presburg, 40 south-east of Vienna, and 65 south-west of Buda. Long. 17. 56. E. Lat. 46. 50. N.

ALTERNBURG, a town of Transylvania, 17 miles south-west of Weissenburg, and 35 south of Clausenburg. Long. 23. 5. E. Lat. 46. 25. N.