one of the circles into which the province of Guelderland in the Netherlands is divided. It comprehends 14 cantons, and contains 74,451 inhabitants.

the capital city of the province of Guelderland, in the circle of the same name, on the banks of the Rhine. It is well built, and its fortifications being planted with trees, form a pleasing promenade. It is a place of little trade, but of some importance as a frontier town. It contains 1490 houses, and 9500 inhabitants. Long. 5° 38'. 23'. E. Lat. 51° 59'. 58'. N.

ARNISÆUS, HENNINGUS, a philosopher and physician of great reputation about the beginning of the 17th century. He was born at Halberstadt in Germany, and was professor of physic in the university of Helmstadt. His political works are much esteemed. The most remarkable of them is his book *De Authoritate Principum in Populum semper Inviolabili*, printed at Frankfort in 1612. In this he maintains that the authority of princes ought not to be violated. He wrote also upon the same doctrine his three books, *De Jure Majestatis*, printed at the same place in 1610; and his *Reflectiones Politicae*, printed at Frankfort in 1615. He went to Denmark by invitation, and was made counsellor and physician to the king. He travelled Arnoldus into France and England, and died in November 1635. Besides the pieces already mentioned, he wrote several philosophical, medicinal, and poetical treatises.