or Bir, a town of Asiatic Turkey, in the government of Orfa. It occupies an elevated situation on the left bank of the Euphrates, which is here about 130 yards broad, deep and rapid, and is crossed by a bridge of boats, where a pontage is exacted of passengers. The town consists of 500 houses, mostly in a decaying state, and is protected by a citadel, which stands on a precipitous eminence, and by a wall in a dilapidated condition. Beer is a considerable thoroughfare from Aleppo to Orfa, Diarbekir, and Persia, and a considerable trade was formerly carried on to Bagdad by vessels descending the river. It is 144 miles north-east of Aleppo, and 115 south-west of Diarbekir. Long. 38. 6. E. Lat. 36. 48. N.