**Bond**, John, a commentator on Horace and Persius, was born in Somersetshire in the year 1550, and educated at Winchester school. In 1569 he was entered a student of the university of Oxford, probably in the New College, of which he became either one of the clerks or chaplains. He took his degree as bachelor of arts in 1573, and that of master in 1579; soon after which he was appointed by his college, master of the free school at Taunton in Somersetshire. In this situation he continued many years with considerable reputation; but being at length weary of the laborious occupation of teacher, he commenced physician, and, it is said, became eminent in that capacity. He died in the year 1612, possessed of several lands and tenements in his neighbourhood; but whether acquired by the practice of physic or otherwise, does not appear. He wrote, 1. *Commentarii in Poemata Q. Horatii*, London, 1606, 8vo; and, 2. *Commentarii in sex Satyros Persii*, London, 1614, 8vo. His short marginal annotations upon Horace and Persius are generally feeble, and without erudition; notwithstanding which his edition of the former poet has often been reprinted. Saxius describes him as *minorum gentium philologus*.

**Bondage** properly signifies the same with slavery, but in old law books is used for villainage. Tenants in bondage paid kenots, did fealty, and were prohibited from felling trees in their own garden, without license of the lord. The widow of a tenant in bondage held her husband's estate *quam diu vixerit sine marito*, as long as she lived single.

**Bondage by the Forelock**, or *Bondagium per anteriores crines capitis*, was when a freeman renounced his liberty, and became a slave to some great man, which was done by the ceremony of cutting off a lock of hair from the forehead, and delivering it to his lord; denoting that he was to be maintained by him for the future. Such a bondman, if he reclaimed his liberty, or became fugitive from his master, might be drawn again to his servitude by the nose, whence the origin of the popular menace to pull a man by the nose.

**Bondman**, in the English law, is a term used for a villain, or tenant in villainage. The Romans had two kinds of bondmen; one, called *serui*, who were those either bought for money, taken in war, left by succession, or acquired by some other lawful title; the other, born of their bond-women, and called *vernae*. We may add a third kind of bondmen mentioned by Justinian, called *adscriptiti glebe*, or *agricensiti*, who were a species of serfs or boors, not bound to the person, but to the ground or place, and who followed him who had the land. These in our law are called *vilains regardants*, as belonging to the manor or place.

**Bondou**, a kingdom of Western Africa, between the upper courses of the Senegal and Gambia, bordering on Bambouk, Foota Torra, Tenda, Dentila, and other small kingdoms. The country is elevated, and the mountains are generally unproductive, and covered with stunted wood. The intervening valleys, however, are fertile, and finely clothed with the baobab, the tamarind, and other valuable fruit trees. They are traversed by beds of torrents, which flow rapidly during the rains, but are empty in the dry season. Cultivation, though it extends over only a comparatively small proportion of the whole surface, is carried on with considerable activity. The products consist of four species of grain, rice, cotton, indigo, and fruits. The workmen in the different parts display considerable dexterity, though they employ very rude and defective tools. The people consist chiefly of Foulahs, though the country is much frequented by Mandingoos and Serawoolies for purposes of trade. The exports consist of provisions and cotton cloth manufactured in the country, in exchange for salt and slaves. The caravans, bringing this last commodity from the interior to the coast, pass usually through Bondou. The religion and laws of this country are Mahommedan, though the precepts of that faith are not observed with the same rigour as in more northern countries. There are schools, however, in every town, where the Koran and the reading and writing of Arabic are taught; but the scholar stands in a very humble situation, being considered the servant of the teacher, for whom he is obliged to perform the most menial offices. The king is nearly absolute, and commands a disposable force of from 500 to 600 horse, and 2000 to 3000 infantry. These are much employed in predatory expeditions into the neighbouring countries, chiefly for the purpose of collecting slaves. His revenues are derived from a tenth part of the produce of the land, and of the salt imported, as also from duties on goods passing through his territories, with numerous presents expected or extorted. Mr Park experienced to his cost the rapacity of the reigning prince, being obliged to give up even the coat which he wore. He was introduced to the king's twelve wives, who had never before seen a European, and thought that the white skin had been produced by his having been bathed in milk by his mother, who had also artificially pinched up his nose into its unnatural elevation. The royal residence was then at Fatteconda; but when Major Gray visited Bondou, it had been removed to Boolibani, a small town of 1500 or 1800 inhabitants. It is surrounded with a strong clay wall; but the streets are narrow and irregular, and the habitations cannot rank above huts. The palaces of the king and his sons consist merely of inclosures about an acre in extent, containing a number of cottages, somewhat larger, but not more commodious, than those of his subjects. Near Boolibani are the ruins of another town nearly as large, which was entirely destroyed in a late war with Kaarta; and Major Gray saw the bones of the slain lying unburied and spread over its site.