a person who carries goods for others for hire. By the law of Scotland, carriers fall within the indenturement of the edict of the Roman prætor, entitled Novae, Cauponæ, Stabulariæ, which has, with some variations, been adopted into the municipal system of that country, and according to which an obligation arises, without formal pactum, merely by a traveller's entering an inn, ship, or stable, and there depositing his goods, or putting up his horse; whereby an innkeeper, shipmaster, or stabler, is accountable, not only for his acts and those of his servants, but also for those of the other guests or passengers, and, indeed, in every case, unless where the goods have been lost damno fatali, or carried off by pirates or house-breakers. The precise extent of the obligation in the case of carriers, however, is not very clearly defined; and in practice various devices have been resorted to in order to evade it altogether.