enotes the drink prepared from these berries, which has been familiar in Europe for a hundred years, and among the Turks for a hundred and seventy.

Its origin is not well known. Some ascribe it to the prior of a monastery, who being informed by a goatherd that his cattle, when they happened to browse on the tree, remained awake and espered all night, became curious to prove its virtue; and accordingly he first tried it on his monks, to prevent their sleeping at matins. Others, following Schlehabeddin, refer the invention of coffee to the Persians, from whom it was learned in the fifteenth century by Gommeddin, mufti of Aden, a city near the mouth of the Red Sea, and who having tried its virtues himself, and found that it dissipated the fumes which oppressed the head, inspired joy, opened the bowels, and prevented sleep, without producing any countervailing inconvenience, first recommended it to his dervises, with whom he used to spend the night in prayer; and their example brought coffee into vogue at Aden; the professors of the law, artisans, travellers, in short, every body at Aden, drinking coffee. It next passed to Mecca, where the devotees first, then the rest of the people, took coffee. From Arabia Felix it passed to Cairo; and in 1511, Kahie Beg prohibited it, from a persuasion that it inebriated, and inclined to things forbidden; but Sultan Causon immediately after removed the prohibition, and coffee advanced from Egypt to Syria and Constantinople. The dervises declaimed against it from the Alcoran, which declares that coal is not of the number of things created by God for food; and the mufti accordingly ordered the coffee-houses to be shut; but his successor declaring coffee not to be coal, they were again opened. During the war in Candia, the assemblies of newsmongers making too free with state affairs, the grand visir Cuproli suppressed the coffee-houses at Constantinople; but this did not prevent the public from using this beverage; and it has ever since been tolerated, if not legalized. Thevenot the traveller was the first who brought it into France; and a Greek servant, named Pasqua, brought into England by Mr Daniel Edwards, a Turkey merchant, in 1652, first commenced the profession of coffee-man, and introduced the beverage into this island.