a circle in the Prussian government of Aix-la-Chapelle, extending over 122 square miles, and containing 38,048 inhabitants, in three cities, one market-town, and twenty-seven villages. The chief place, a city of the same name, is situated on the river Roer, and is a manufacturing place for fine cloths, blankets, paper, and ironmongery. It contains four churches, and 4988 inhabitants.