a well-known instrument, consisting of a handle and blade, divided at the end into two or more points or prongs. The table-fork did not come into use in England till the reign of James I., as we learn from a remarkable passage in Coryat. The reader will probably smile at the solemn manner in which this important discovery or innovation is related: "Here I will mention a thing that might have been spoken of before in discourse of the first Italian townes. I observed a custom in all those Italian cities and townes through the which I passed, that is not used in any other country that I saw in my travels, neither do I think that any other nation of Christendome doth use it, but only Italy. The Italians, and also most strangers that are comormant in Italy, doe always at their meals use a little forke when they eat their meate; for while with their knife, which they hold in one hand, they cut the meate out of the dish, they fasten the forke, which they hold in the other hand, upon the same dish, so that whatsoever he be that sitting in the company of any others at meale shall unadvisedly touch the dish of meat with his fingers from which all the table doe cut, he will give occasion of offence unto the company as having transgressed the lawes of good manners, insomuch that for his error he shall be at least brow-beaten, if not reprehended in wordes. This form of feeding I understand is generally used in all parts of Italy, their forkes for the most part being made of yronn, steele and some of silver, but those are used only by gentlemen. The reason of this their curiosity is, because the Italian cannot by any means endure to have his dish touched with fingers, seeing all men's fingers are not alike cleane. Hereupon I myself thought good to imitate the Italian fashion by this forked cutting of meate, not only while I was in Italy, but also in Germany, and often times in England since I came home: being once quipped for that frequently using my forke, by a certain learned gentleman, a familiar friend of mine, Mr Lawrence Whitaker, who in his merry humour doubted not to call me a table firefeifer, only for using a forke at feeding, but for no other cause."

PORLI, one of the delegations of the papal dominion, in Italy, 1232 square miles in extent. It contains six cities, nineteen market-towns, and a great number of villages. with 150,930 inhabitants. It extends from the foot of the Appenines to the sea-shore, and is watered by several streams descending from those mountains, one of which, but not accurately ascertained, is the celebrated Rubicon. On the sea-shore are many marshes which generate malaria, but the remainder of the province is tolerably healthy, and highly fertile. The chief city, of the same name, is situated on the Via Emilia, between the rivers Mentone and Ronco. It contains nine parish churches, sixteen monasteries, and seven nunneries. The population is 15,520. It has fabrics of silks, refineries for salt and for sulphur, linen weaving, and wax bleaching. Long. 12. 18. 5. E. Lat. 44. 13. 23. N.