a strongly fortified city, the capital of a circle of the same name, in Prussian Silesia. It stands on a sand hill above the river Neisse, and is defended by two powerful forts, which command the passes from Austria. It contains five Catholic and two Lutheran churches, several barracks, and 889 houses, with 8231 inhabitants, exclusively of the garrison. It is a place where many manufactures are carried on, especially that of damask table linen, and other goods, both of linen and woollen; also soap-boiling, tannery, and distilling. Long. 16. 34. E. Lat. 50. 23. N.