James, a professor of Arabic and mathematics at Leyden, was descended from a considerable family of the same name, and born at the Hague in the year 1596. He was early sent to the university of Leyden, where he studied under Erpenius; and having made himself master of the learned languages, applied himself to the study of mathematics, physic, and divinity. He afterwards travelled into Africa and Asia; and was greatly esteemed both by the king of Morocco and the sultan of Turkey. He at length returned to Leyden loaded with manuscripts; and in 1624 succeeded Erpenius in the Arabic chair. As he had been an eye-witness of the wretched state of Christianity in the Mahommedan countries, he was filled with the compassion of a fellow Christian; and none ever sought for a place of honour and profit with greater eagerness than he did for procuring a new edition of the New Testament, in the original language, with a translation into the modern Greek by an archimandrite; and as there are some of these Christians who use the Arabic tongue in divine service, he also caused to be dispersed amongst them an Arabic translation of the confession of the Protestants, together with the Catechism and Liturgy. In 1526 he was chosen professor of mathematics, and discharged the functions of both professorships with the greatest applause during forty years. He was likewise appointed interpreter in ordinary to the states for the Arabic, Turkish, Persian, and other eastern languages, and had an annual pension conferred upon him, together with present of a gold chain and a beautiful medal, which became as a badge of his office. Although entitled to be considered as an universal scholar, Golius excelled chiefly in philology and languages, in the acquisition of which he showed equal ability and application. At the age of fifty-five he made himself master of Persian, in which he wrote a dictionary, afterwards printed in Castell's Lexicon Hep- topotom; he was intimately acquainted with the Turkish; and he had made such progress in the Chinese that, though he died late in life to the study of it, he was able to read and understand books written in that language. Besides the works which he had printed and published, he left several unfinished manuscripts, which, if he had lived to complete them, would have done credit to his talents and learning. His published works are, 1. Chodzrat-aladab mincelem alarab, hoc est, Proverbia quaedam Alis Imperatoris Muslemici, et Carmen Tograi poetice doctrissimi, necnon Dissertatio quaedam Aben-Syna, Leyden, 1629, in 4to; 2. Lexicon Arabico-Latinum, contextum ex pro- baturibus Orientis lexicographis: accedit index copiosissimus, qui Lexici Latino-Arabici vicem expiri possit, Leyden, 1653, in folio; 3. Muhamedis filii Ketiri Fergani, qui vulgo Alfraganus dicitur, elementa Astronomici Arabice et Latine, cum notis ad res exoticas sive Oriantales, qua in illis occurrunt, Amsterdam, 1669, in 4to; 4. Ahmadis Arabiadae vite, et rerum gestarum Tituli, qui vulgo Tamerlanes dicitur, Historia, Leyden, 1683, in 4to; 5. An edition of the Arabian Grammar of Ernouf, to which Golius added, Adagiorum Arab. centuriæ Poetarum sententiae lix. Consessus i. Hariri, Car- men Abu-Olae, et Patriarchæ Antioch. Eliae iii, qui floruit circa annum Christi 1180, homilia de nativ. Christi; 6. Lctionarium Persico-Latinum, left in manuscript at his death, and published, as already mentioned, in Castell's Lexicon Heptaglottom. Golius died on the 28th of September 1667.

GLITZIUS, Henry, a celebrated engraver and painter, was born in 1558, at Mulbreck, in the duchy of Juliers. He was taught engraving by Theodore Cuertenhart, and succeeded well in the practice of the art, notwithstanding the disadvantage of a lame hand, which was occasioned by a fall into the fire whilst young. He was first employed by his master, and afterwards he worked for Philip Alle. Domestic troubles and ill health having induced him to travel, he went through Germany into Italy; and used under a feigned name, that his studies might not be interrupted. He visited Bologna, Florence, Naples, and Venice, constantly applying himself to drawing from the antique statues, and studying the works of the great masters. At Rome he resided longest; and in that city produced several excellent engravings from Poli- dor Raphael, and other eminent painters. On his return to his native country he established himself at Haerlem, where he engraved many of the drawings which he had made during his abode in Italy. He died at Haerlem in Gombroon 1617, aged fifty-nine.